Terms
This part of Shrinkopedia explains the recurring concepts and vocabulary of psychiatry. These are the ideas that come up again and again once you start reading about mental health, such as comorbidity, the biopsychosocial model, remission, or the difference between a sign and a symptom. Each entry is a proper explanation, not a one-line dictionary definition. It tells you what the concept means, why it matters, and how it shapes the way conditions are understood and treated. It's for anyone who wants the language of the field to actually make sense.
Every term entry is researched from primary sources, including the DSM-5-TR, the ICD-11, NICE guidance, the National Institute of Mental Health, and Cochrane systematic reviews. We write it in plain language, and the editorial team led by Dr. Shariq Refai reviews each entry before it's published. Where a concept is well established, we say so, and where it's debated or evolving, we say that as well. Every entry carries an evidence-strength rating of Strong, Mixed, or Limited.
Browse the list below or use the filter to find a concept. Each entry links out to the conditions, symptoms, and treatments where the concept shows up, so a single idea connects to the places it actually matters across the encyclopedia.
30 entries
Attachment styles
A framework describing patterns in how people connect with and rely on others.
Mixed TermAttention and Mental Health
How mental health shapes attention, why focus falters under anxiety, low mood, and stress, and when trouble concentrating is worth taking seriously.
Mixed TermAugmentation
What augmentation means in psychiatry, when it's used, and how it differs from switching or combining medications.
Strong TermBiopsychosocial model
What the biopsychosocial model is, why it shapes modern psychiatric practice, and its limits.
Strong TermBoundaries
The limits you set around what you'll accept in relationships and around your time, energy, and space.
Mixed TermCognitive distortions
Habitual, biased thinking patterns that distort how a situation is read, usually negatively.
Mixed TermComorbidity
What comorbidity means in psychiatry, why most people with a mental health condition have more than one, and why that changes how treatment gets planned.
Strong TermCoping skills
The thoughts and actions people use to manage stress and hard emotions.
Mixed TermCortisol
The main output of the HPA axis.
Strong TermDifferential diagnosis
What differential diagnosis means in psychiatry, why it matters more than a single label, and how clinicians actually work through it.
Strong TermDissociation
What dissociation is, why it happens, the range from ordinary spacing out to serious clinical dissociation, and when it's worth talking to someone.
Strong TermDistress tolerance
The capacity to survive a moment of intense emotional pain without making it worse.
Mixed TermEmotional regulation
The processes by which people influence which emotions they have, when, and how they experience and express them.
Mixed TermFight-or-flight
The body's rapid, automatic response to a perceived threat.
Strong TermFirst-line treatment
What first-line, second-line, and third-line treatments mean, and how psychiatrists decide the sequence.
Strong TermGrounding
Simple techniques for bringing your attention back to the present when you feel overwhelmed, panicky, or dissociated.
Mixed TermHPA axis
The central stress-response system that connects the brain to the adrenal glands via a hormonal cascade.
Strong TermHypervigilance
A state of heightened scanning for danger, with the brain's threat-detection turned up too high.
Mixed TermNeuroplasticity
The brain's capacity to change its structure and function in response to experience, learning, and injury.
Mixed TermPrimary versus secondary
What primary and secondary mean in psychiatric diagnosis, and why the distinction shapes treatment.
Strong TermProdrome
What a prodrome is, why it matters clinically, and how it shows up in mood, psychotic, and other conditions.
Strong TermRelapse
What relapse means in psychiatry, how it differs from recurrence, and what actually helps prevent it.
Strong TermRemission
What remission means in psychiatry, how it differs from recovery and from cure, and why the distinction matters for treatment planning.
Strong TermResilience
The capacity to adapt and recover in the face of stress, adversity, or trauma.
Mixed TermRumination
Rumination is replaying the same problem without resolution.
Strong TermSelf-compassion
Treating yourself with the kindness you'd offer a good friend who was struggling, rather than harsh criticism.
Mixed TermStigma
The negative attitudes and treatment aimed at people with a mental health condition.
Mixed TermSympathetic nervous system
The branch of the nervous system that switches the body into action, speeding the heart, sharpening alertness, and priming the muscles.
Strong TermTreatment resistance
What treatment resistance means in psychiatry, how it's defined, and what the next steps are when standard treatment hasn't worked.
Strong TermTrigger
Something that sets off a strong emotional or physical reaction tied to a past experience or condition.
MixedNo entries match that filter.